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2019 brought many memorable events on Planet Earth, and NASA satellites and astronauts captured a lot of the action! From new discoveries to tracking natural events and capturing amazing scenery, here are a few highlights from around the globe. 

Read more about the images in this video, here. 

Daniel Kordan accidentally caught a photo of a meteor while trying to photograph an erupting volcano

Granite and impact craters

Another t evidence for the impact is the Verdefort crater in the Transvall Basin  in South Africa, the largest impact crater on Earth almost 300 km in diameter. As shown below

It was originally thought to have been formed by a volcanic eruption, It consists of a granite dome 40 km in diameter in the center of the crater. Then we have different kinds of rocks forming rings round the crater center like an arc of Ventersdorp lavas formed by the lava flowing out of Earth after the impact and then we have the outer rings formed mainly by  Ghaap Dolomite rocks a form of carbonate mineral like Limestone a part of the carbonate platform in the Transvaal and Griqualand West Basinswhich which belongs to the original Earth before the impact. We find high content of  iridium  in the area  which is mostly  found in meteorites . We find also platinum what I think that it has extraterrestrial origin and wasn’t formed on Earth, the same could be the case with gold and the whole platinum-group metals. Vredefort's different  magnetism is just simply because it belongs to a different planet.

Also the Tswaing crater in South Africa seen below is a smaller one (1.15 km diameter and 100 m deep) it has enough granite remains remains to be a prove that this meteorite was composed from granite. It's also an evidence for the existence of stony meteorites impacts and not only iron meteorites.The surrounding area known as the Bushveld complex is one of the important sources of the platinum group metals. . The crate floor is covered with a high concentrated saline lake, what could be an indication that the salt on earth could have an extraterrestrial origin.

Source:

www.lpi.usra.edu/science/kring/epo_web/impact_cratering/enviropages/Tswaing/Tswainggeologypage.html

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